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Hydrogen is energy-dense by weight, storable, and easily transportable. These properties make it an attractive fuel for storing and transporting solar energy. Solar hydrogen generation technology holds significant potential to address both energy shortages and environmental concerns.
The demand for electricity in India is rising rapidly with improvements in living standards. Currently, the majority of this demand (62%) is met by fossil fuel–based thermal power plants using coal, lignite, gas, and diesel. However, the rapid depletion of these limited fossil fuel reserves has raised serious concerns about energy security.
The technology is designed to produce biohydrogen and fatty acids from waste or wastewater through acidogenic fermentation, while simultaneously achieving waste remediation. It can function as a standalone process for hydrogen production or as a unit operation integrated within effluent treatment plants (ETPs).
Biogas is a mixture of various components, with its composition varying based on feed material characteristics, degree of degradation, and other factors. It primarily consists of 50–70% methane, 30–40% carbon dioxide, and small amounts of other gases. Methane, being a combustible gas, is the main energy-carrying component of biogas.
Today, tanneries in India face the dual challenge of managing process solid waste, such as fleshing, and effluent treatment plant (ETP) sludge. Fleshing poses a significant environmental threat, and opportunities for its reuse are limited. Similarly, the treatment of effluent treatment plant’s waste activated sludge (WAS) in a sludge digester requires substantial investment.
The use of waste biomass for energy generation holds significant potential. This approach can help reduce waste management challenges, pollution, greenhouse gas emissions, global warming, and dependence on fossil fuels. Waste materials, particularly municipal solid waste, can serve as a valuable resource if converted safely and efficiently into energy.
A model for environmental performance has been developed with natural-gas–based pot and muffle furnaces that are energy-efficient and economically viable. In the case of the pot furnace, while retaining the traditional design and mode of operation, the new system minimizes energy wastage by using pre-heated air for combustion and recovering heat from the outgoing flue gases.
This technological innovation enables dual-fuel operation, allowing an existing diesel genset to run on both diesel and producer gas, instead of diesel alone. Producer gas is fed into the diesel engine, enabling dual-fuel operation and reducing diesel consumption by over 70%.
The Wind-Solar Hybrid (WISH) System features a state-of-the-art lightweight rotor with advanced aerodynamic design and composite blades. It is equipped with a charge controller that ensures a steady power supply, optimized for hybrid power operation and providing battery overcharge protection.